INDICADORES PREDITIVOS DA LESÃO POR PRESSÃO EM ADULTOS E IDOSOS HOSPITALIZADOS
REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31011/reaid-2025-v.99-n.1-art.2301Palavras-chave:
Lesão por pressão, Saúde do Idoso, Saúde do Adulto, HospitalizaçãoResumo
Objetivo: Apresentar o conhecimento produzido sobre os indicadores preditivos da lesão por pressão em adultos e idosos hospitalizados. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada a partir das recomendações PRISMA, tendo como questão norteadora: “Qual o conhecimento produzido sobre os indicadores preditivos da lesão por pressão em adultos e idosos hospitalizados?”. As buscas foram realizadas na Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Portal de Periódicos CAPES e National Library of Medicine. Resultados: 43 estudos compuseram esta revisão. Em 42, foi observado o emprego de um único método avaliativo, com predomínio dos instrumentos de avaliação: Escala de Braden (n = 37, 86%); seguida da Escala de Waterlow (n = 7, 16,2%); e, Escala de Norton (n = 6, 13,9%). Apenas um único estudo (2,3%) utilizou métodos avaliativos combinados: instrumentos distintos e presença de comorbidades. Em dois estudos, a avaliação se deu por meio da análise de um aspecto clínico específico (estado nutricional). Conclusões: Os principais indicadores preditivos para avaliação do risco de lesão por pressão em adultos e idosos hospitalizados são provenientes de instrumentos de avaliação. Sugere-se, contudo, o desenvolvimento de pesquisas voltadas para a análise da confiabilidade e validação de tais instrumentos em populações específicas.
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